To most persons, asthma means wheezing regardless of its cause. As per American thoracic society definition, Asthma is defined as "a disease characterized by an increased responsiveness of the trachea and bronchi to various stimuli and manifested by narrowing of the air ways that changes in severity either spontaneously or as a result of treatment".

Acute middle ear infection is common in children. Its incidence rises during the winter, when respiratory tract infections are common. With prompt treatment, the prognosis is excellent; however, prolonged fluid buildup in the middle ear causes chronic middle ear infection, with possible puncturing of the eardrum, which transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear.

Fever is a sign of interaction between antigen and the host's defense mechanism. The body maintains normal core body temperature at a set point of 37°C (98.6°F), within a narrow range of 1 - 1.5 °C.

The back-to-sleep movement for babies has been around for more than 10 years. Since it started, the number of SIDS deaths has dropped by half. But all that time spent on their backs has caused other problems for babies. Now doctors are updating the back-to-sleep campaign with some new advice.

True clubfoot is characterized by abnormal bone formation in the foot. There are four variations of clubfoot, including talipes varus, talipes valgus, talipes equines, and talipes calcaneus. In talipes varus, the most common form of clubfoot, the foot generally turns inward so that the leg and foot look somewhat like the letter J. In talipes valgus, the foot rotates outward like the letter L.

Clinical jaundice occurs in 2/3 of all newborn babies (60% of term infant and 80% of preterm infants) during the 1st week of life. Defined as the yellow coloration of skin and sclera due to increased serum bilirubin concentration and evident when the level exceeds 50 µ mol/L or 3mg/dl.

The term developing ovum is used for the first seven to ten days after conception, i.e. until the implementation occurs. It is called ‘embryo’ from one week to the end of the second month, and later it is called ' fetus (or foetus, or fœtus) '. It becomes an infant when it is completely 'born.