Olive oil is an integral part of the "Mediterranean diet" which is associated with sensible tasty portions and slower, more enjoyable eating. People who eat a "Mediterranean diet" have been shown to have a remarkable variety of health benefits.

Olive oil can quickly satisfy hunger and lead to fewer total calories ingested at mealtime.
Extra virgin olive oil is one of the few oils that can be eaten without chemical processing. (Nearly every other vegetable oil has not been detoxified and refined with steam and solvents).

Fresh pressed olive oil can be eaten immediately and retains the natural flavors, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other healthy products of the ripe olive fruit.

When it comes to heart health, virgin olive oil may have an edge over other vegetable fats, new research suggests.

Reporting in the Annals of Internal Medicine, European researchers say virgin olive oil may be particularly effective at lowering heart disease risk because of its high level of antioxidant plant compounds.

In a study of 200 healthy men, the researchers found that virgin olive oil -- rich in antioxidants called polyphenols -- showed stronger heart-health effects than the more extensively processed "non-virgin" variety.

The findings suggest that virgin olive oil has more going for it than its supply of heart-healthy monounsaturated fat, according to the study authors. Polyphenols, they say, may account for some of the health benefits that have been attributed to the oil.

In fact, virgin olive oil is the only vegetable oil that's rich in polyphenols, Dr. Maria-Isabel Covas, the study's lead researcher, told Reuters Health.

"All vegetable oils other than virgin olive oil are submitted to a (refining) process in which polyphenols are practically lost," explained Covas, a researcher at the Municipal Institute for Medical Research in Barcelona, Spain.

Even "ordinary" olive oil has a lower polyphenol content, she noted, because it's a mixture of virgin olive oil and a more-processed form of the oil.

For their study, Covas and her colleagues had 200 young and middle-aged men use each of three olive oils for three weeks apiece. One oil was a virgin olive oil high in polyphenols; the other two were more heavily processed varieties with moderate to low polyphenol levels.
The men used the oils in place of other dietary fats.

At the end of the study, the researchers found that the men's levels of "good" HDL cholesterol were highest after their three weeks on virgin olive oil. They also showed a greater decline in markers of so-called oxidative stress -- a process that helps deposit particles of "bad" LDL cholesterol on the artery walls and can lead to a hardening and narrowing of the vessels supplying the heart.

Monounsaturated fat is well known to be a healthier alternative to the saturated fat found in animal products like butter, Covas noted. That fact, along with the benefits of polyphenols, she said, make olive oil "a good source of fat."
But she stopped short of recommending virgin olive oil as a replacement for other vegetable oils, saying large clinical trials are needed to see whether there's a health advantage.

Olive oil must be extracted by cold pressing, rather than by heat extraction, to maintain its active ingredients. This form of processing results in the product "extra-virgin" olive oil.

The good news is that it is very easy to identify a premium olive oil. When you smell it, you will have an overwhelming olive fruit aroma (with any number of other olfactory highlights which the low-stress guide will not stress you out about. You can further enhance these smells by putting some oil in a small container and warming it with your hands.

Next, roll your tongue a bit and suck in a small amount of oil drawing in a good volume of air at the same time. The back-center portion of your tongue will now look for bitterness (determined by ripeness and variety of olive), a positive characteristic even if it sounds anything but.

Finally, the oil goes down into your throat where you judge its pungency. If it’s particularly sharp, you might cough, but the peppery bite is proof of fresh oil with healthy olives well-processed.

Taken internally, olive oil also acts as soothing, nutritious and laxative. It has a positive effect on blood cholesterol, and protects against heart disease and cancer.

Recent studies show that a slight reduction in saturated fat intake, along with the use of extra-virgin olive oil, markedly lowers daily dosage requirements for high blood pressure medication. A Greek study shows that those who take higher quantities of olive oil are less likely than others to develop rheumatoid arthritis. Olive oil protects the stomach and intestinal linings from gastric acid, so is useful in ulcers.

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